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Torsen Limited Slip Differential

Torsen Limited Slip Differential houses a set of complicated gear system,
But is the most effective of all the LSDs. This product is the trademark of the JTEKT Corporation. Torsen was first patented by Gleasman in 1958.

Construction:

The components used inside Torsen are unique,
And they provide the most brilliant way of providing differential action and;
Also, overcoming the traction difference problem.

It has a pair of specially designed gear assembly. These are designed based on spur gear (Worm wheel) and worm gear assembly. This is the basic principle behind the working of a Torsen. The unique feature of the worm gear and worm wheel assembly is that the spinning worm gear can rotate the worm wheel,
Whereas the vice-versa is not possible. It means that the rotating worm wheel cannot
Spin the worm gear (the assembly is locked in this case).

A pair of this worm wheel and worm gear assembly is attached to the differential case. The half output shafts are connected on either side of the worm gears that drive the wheels.

The power from the transmission is transferred to the pinion and ring gear assembly which is standard in any differential. The worm wheels rotate along with the ring gear. Each end of the worm wheels is fitted with a spur gear.
The spur gears are meshed so that both the worm gears rotate at the
Same speed and in opposite directions.

Case 1 (Vehicle moving straight):

In this case, the power from the ring gear is directly transferred to the output shafts via the differential casing. The worm wheels and worm gears are locked and rotate as a single solid unit. The worm wheels do not spin on its axis,
And the worm gears do not rotate about its axis. The equal amount of power is distributed to the wheels.

Case 2 (Vehicle taking a right turn):

In this case, the left wheel has to rotate at a higher speed compared to the right wheel.
The worm gear of the faster moving left axle will rotate the corresponding worm wheel
About its axis at a higher speed. Whereas, the right axle rotates in opposite
Direction when considering its relative motion with the left axle. Thus, the right worm wheel will rotate in the opposite direction.

The spur gears which are meshed at the end of worm wheels will make sure that the
Worm gears rotate at the same speeds but in opposite direction. This ensures a perfect differential action.

Case 3 ( One wheel on a slippery surface and the other on a non-slippery surface ):

In this case, a vehicle equipped with a conventional differential will allow the majority of the
Power to be transferred to the slippery wheel. Therefore, the vehicle will get stuck.

Also, read – What Is Limited Slip Differential? How Does It Work

In a Torsen LSD, the excessive speed of the slipping wheel can be used to its advantage. As the slipping wheel ( say the right wheel) starts spinning at a higher speed,
This speed increase will be transferred to the right worm wheel via the right worm gear. The right worm wheel starts rotating in its axis,
Therefore transferring the power to the left worm wheel as they both are connected with the help of spur gears.

We know that the unique feature of the worm wheel and worm gear arrangement is that the worm wheel cannot spin the worm gear. This principle is applied in the Torsen as the left
Worm wheel cannot spin the left worm gear and the entire mechanism gets locked. As a result, both the left and right wheels start rotating at the same speed.

Also, read – Electronic Limited Slip Differential (eLSD)

To withstand the heavy vehicle load, two more pairs of worm gear,
And worm wheel assembly is added to the differential case.

Ekster EU

2 Comments

  1. Manish kumar January 28, 2020 Reply

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